Pump XL

Pump XL is a five-component amino acid research solution containing L-arginine, L-ornithine, L-citrulline, lysine and glycine at the per-mL concentrations listed below. Arginine, ornithine and citrulline are linked through arginase, nitric oxide synthase and the intestinal–renal arginine synthesis pathway, which researchers have characterized in mice and rats. Lysine is an indispensable amino acid, and glycine is a precursor of creatine, glutathione, heme and purines. The references below cover the individual components, not this combination. Research Market supplies Pump XL with lot documentation on its certificate of analysis. It is sold strictly for laboratory research use.

Composition

• L-ARGININE 100 MG/ML
• L-ORNITHINE 100 MG/ML
• L-CITRULINE 100MG/ML
• LYSINE 100 MG/MI
• GLYCINE 50MG/ML

Components

• L-Arginine: CAS 74-79-3, C₆H₁₄N₄O₂, 174.2 g/mol, PubChem CID 6322
• L-Ornithine: CAS 70-26-8, C₅H₁₂N₂O₂, 132.16 g/mol, PubChem CID 6262
• L-Citrulline: CAS 372-75-8, C₆H₁₃N₃O₃, 175.19 g/mol, PubChem CID 9750
• Lysine: CAS 56-87-1, C₆H₁₄N₂O₂, 146.19 g/mol, PubChem CID 5962 (PubChem record for L-lysine; the isomer and salt form are not stated on the label)
• Glycine: CAS 56-40-6, C₂H₅NO₂, 75.07 g/mol, PubChem CID 750
• Form: Supplied in solution at the per-mL concentrations listed above

Research applications

• Citrulline as an arginine source: In C57BL/6J mice, supplemental citrulline appeared fully in plasma and raised plasma arginine more than supplemental arginine, which underwent about 70% splanchnic first-pass metabolism [1]
• Intestinal–renal arginine synthesis: In young, middle-aged and old Sprague-Dawley rats, expression of the genes for small-intestinal citrulline synthesis and renal arginine synthesis was unchanged or upregulated with age [2]
• Arginine-metabolizing enzymes: Reviewed for arginases, nitric oxide synthases and arginine:glycine amidinotransferase, noting that ornithine and citrulline can each be produced by several enzymes [3]
• Lysine metabolism: Reviewed as an indispensable amino acid catabolized mainly in the liver through saccharopine and 2-aminoadipic acid, ending in acetyl-CoA [4]
• Glycine: Reviewed as a precursor of creatine, glutathione, heme, purines and porphyrins, synthesized from choline, serine, hydroxyproline and threonine mainly in kidney and liver [5]

Reference citations

1. Agarwal U. et al. (2017). Supplemental citrulline is more efficient than arginine in increasing systemic arginine availability in mice. J Nutr, 147(4):596–602. PMID 28179487 · DOI
2. Mistry S.K. et al. (2002). The ‘intestinal-renal’ arginine biosynthetic axis in the aging rat. Mech Ageing Dev, 123(8):1159–1165. PMID 12044965 · DOI
3. Morris S.M. Jr (2004). Enzymes of arginine metabolism. J Nutr, 134(10 Suppl):2743S–2747S. PMID 15465778 · DOI
4. Matthews D.E. (2020). Review of lysine metabolism with a focus on humans. J Nutr, 150(Suppl 1):2548S–2555S. PMID 33000162 · DOI
5. Razak M.A. et al. (2017). Multifarious beneficial effect of nonessential amino acid, glycine: a review. Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2017:1716701. PMID 28337245 · DOI

Compound data from PubChem CIDs 6322, 6262, 9750, 5962, 750. Literature summaries describe published preclinical research and are not claims about this product’s effects in humans or animals.