GLP1 S

GLP1 S is a synthetic GLP-1 receptor agonist peptide analog based on the sequence of human glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), with 2-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) in the second position and a lysine side chain acylated with a C18 fatty diacid through a short linker. GLP-1 receptor agonist peptides are research tools for incretin signaling, class B GPCR structure, islet hormone secretion and the brain circuits that regulate food intake, mostly in cell-based and rodent models. Research Market supplies GLP1 S in 5 mg, 10 mg and 20 mg vials, with purity and identity data for each lot reported on its certificate of analysis. It is sold strictly for laboratory research use.

Chemical structure and identification

• Molecular formula: C₁₈₇H₂₉₁N₄₅O₅₉
• Molecular weight: 4114 g/mol
• CAS number: 910463-68-2
• PubChem CID: 56843331
• Amino acid sequence: His-Aib-Glu-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Val-Ser-Ser-Tyr-Leu-Glu-Gly-Gln-Ala-Ala-Lys*-Glu-Phe-Ile-Ala-Trp-Leu-Val-Arg-Gly-Arg-Gly (31 residues; Aib = 2-aminoisobutyric acid; Lys* carries a 17-carboxyheptadecanoyl group attached through γ-Glu and two 8-amino-3,6-dioxaoctanoic acid spacers)
• Form: Lyophilized powder
• Analytical methods: RP-HPLC for purity and mass spectrometry for identity, reported on the batch certificate of analysis

Research applications

• Incretin physiology: GLP-1 is a 30-amino-acid hormone released from intestinal L-cells after meals; reviewed actions include stimulation of insulin secretion, inhibition of glucagon secretion, slowing of gastrointestinal motility and regulation of food intake [1]
• DPP-IV cleavage of native GLP-1: In human plasma in vitro, GLP-1(7-36)amide was converted to the N-terminally truncated GLP-1(9-36)amide with a half-life of about 20 minutes, and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors prevented formation of the metabolite [2]
• Receptor structure: A near-atomic cryo-EM structure of the peptide-activated GLP-1 receptor–Gs complex showed the peptide clasped between the receptor’s N-terminal domain and transmembrane core, with a sharp kink in transmembrane helix 6 [3]
• GLP-1 receptor circuits: Reviewed for the GLP-1 receptor-positive cell types and pathways that carry GLP-1 signals to islet function, appetite, inflammation and cardiovascular physiology [4]
• Extra-pancreatic actions: Reviewed effects of GLP-1 signaling include natriuresis and diuresis, modulation of rodent β-cell proliferation, and effects on reward behavior and palatability [5]

Reference citations

1. Holst J.J. (2007). The physiology of glucagon-like peptide 1. Physiol Rev, 87(4):1409–1439. PMID 17928588 · DOI
2. Deacon C.F. et al. (1995). Degradation of glucagon-like peptide-1 by human plasma in vitro yields an N-terminally truncated peptide that is a major endogenous metabolite in vivo. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 80(3):952–957. PMID 7883856 · DOI
3. Zhang Y. et al. (2017). Cryo-EM structure of the activated GLP-1 receptor in complex with a G protein. Nature, 546(7657):248–253. PMID 28538729 · DOI
4. Drucker D.J. (2018). Mechanisms of action and therapeutic application of glucagon-like peptide-1. Cell Metab, 27(4):740–756. PMID 29617641 · DOI
5. Müller T.D. et al. (2019). Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). Mol Metab, 30:72–130. PMID 31767182 · DOI

Compound data from PubChem CID 56843331. Literature summaries describe published preclinical research and are not claims about this product’s effects in humans or animals.